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A litter survey was conducted over 14 days at a school in Melbourne to investigate the relationship between the day of the week (weekday or weekend) and the type of litter found (plastic bottle, food wrapper, or other). The results are summarised in the following two-way table: | | Plastic Bottle | Food Wrapper | Other | Total | |----------------|----------------|--------------|-------|-------| | Weekday | 42 | 35 | 21 | 98 | | Weekend | 28 | 49 | 28 | 105 | | Total | 70 | 84 | 49 | 203 | What is the exact proportion of all litter items found on weekends that were food wrappers?
Express your answer as a simplified fraction.
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Worked solution
- The question asks for the proportion of litter items found on weekends that were food wrappers. This means we need to find the fraction of food wrappers among all litter items found on weekends.
- From the two-way table, the number of food wrappers found on weekends is 49.
- The total number of litter items found on weekends is 105, as given in the 'Weekend' row under the 'Total' column.
- To find the proportion, divide the number of food wrappers found on weekends by the total number of litter items found on weekends: 49 / 105.
- Simplify the fraction 49/105 by finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) of 49 and 105. The factors of 49 are 1, 7, 49. The factors of 105 are 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 21, 35, 105. The GCD is 7.
- Divide both numerator and denominator by 7: 49 ÷ 7 = 7, 105 ÷ 7 = 15.
- The simplified fraction is 7/15.
- Check the result by multiplying 7/15 by 105 to see if it gives 49: (7/15) × 105 = 7 × 7 = 49. The calculation is correct.
- The proportion of litter items found on weekends that were food wrappers is exactly 7/15.
Reference answer: 7/15
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